Zulfikar Ali Bhutto(شہید)

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Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto was a Pakistani politician who served as the Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1973 to 1977. He was born on January 5, 1928, in Larkana, Sindh, British India. Bhutto was the founder of the Pakistan People's Party (PPP) and is widely regarded as one of the most influential politicians in Pakistan's history.



Bhutto was educated at the University of California, Berkeley, and later at the University of Oxford, where he earned a degree in law. He entered politics in the 1950s, and quickly rose through the ranks of the Pakistan Muslim League (PML). He served as the Minister of Fuel, Power, and Natural Resources in the cabinet of President Ayub Khan, but resigned in protest against what he saw as Khan's authoritarian rule.


In 1967, Bhutto left the PML and founded the PPP, which quickly gained popularity among the masses. Bhutto's populist message and his emphasis on socialism, democracy, and nationalism struck a chord with many Pakistanis, who were disillusioned with the elitist and corrupt politics of the day.


Bhutto's first stint as Prime Minister came after the 1970 elections, which were won by his party. He oversaw the drafting of Pakistan's new constitution, which was passed in 1973, and which established Pakistan as a federal parliamentary republic. He also nationalized key industries such as banking, steel, and fertilizer, and implemented land reforms that gave land to the landless peasants. These measures endeared him to the poor and working-class Pakistanis, but earned him the wrath of the country's elite and foreign investors.


Bhutto's second term as Prime Minister was cut short by a military coup in 1977, led by General Zia-ul-Haq. Bhutto was arrested and charged with conspiracy to murder, in a case widely regarded as a sham trial. Despite protests from the international community and the widespread belief in Pakistan that the charges were politically motivated, Bhutto was convicted and sentenced to death.


On April 4, 1979, Bhutto was hanged at the age of 51, in a jail in Rawalpindi. His execution sparked widespread protests and riots across Pakistan, and cemented his legacy as a martyr for democracy and the rights of the common people.


Bhutto's death had a profound impact on Pakistan's political landscape, and on the psyche of its people. Many Pakistanis saw Bhutto as a hero who had fought for their rights and who had been unjustly persecuted by the military establishment. His death also had a lasting impact on his family, many of whom went on to play important roles in Pakistan's politics. His daughter Benazir Bhutto served as the Prime Minister of Pakistan twice, while his son Asif Ali Zardari served as the President of Pakistan.


Today, Bhutto's legacy remains as contested as ever. Some Pakistanis see him as a visionary leader who sought to transform Pakistan into a modern, democratic state. Others see him as a populist demagogue who played on the fears and frustrations of the masses, and whose policies ultimately failed to deliver lasting change.


Regardless of one's opinion of Bhutto, there is no denying that he was a towering figure in Pakistan's history, whose legacy continues to shape the country's politics and society. His life and death are a reminder of the power of political ideas and the importance of fighting for one's beliefs, even in the face of overwhelming odds.


 (Pervez esabzai)

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